Effects of Anti-inflammatory Diet in the Context of Lifestyle Modification (with or without Metformin Use) on Metabolic, Endocrine, Inflammatory and Reproductive Profiles in Overweight and Obese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Controlled Clinical Trial

Amany A. Salama^1*, Ezzat K. Amine², Hesham A. Salem³, Nesrin K. Abd El-Fattah^2
1Nutrition Department, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Pharos University, Alexandria, Egypt. ²Nutrition Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Egypt. ³Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt
*Corresponding Author Email Address: [email protected]

ABSTRACT
Background: Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder with diverse reproductive and metabolic features. Obesity is highly prevalent in PCOS women and is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of anti-inflammatory diet – in the context of lifestyle modification – with or without the use of metformin 850 mg twice daily in overweight and obese women with PCOS.  Subjects & Methods: A sample of 150 adult overweight and obese females with PCOS completed the trial, 75 in each group. Participants were subjected to either lifestyle interventions with an anti-inflammatory dietary combo and physical activity alone for 12 weeks or with the added use of Metformin 850 mg twice daily. Results: Both strategies achieved moderate weight loss of (±7%) and significant improvements in body composition, hormones and menstrual cyclicity, blood pressure, glucose homeostasis, dyslipidemia, C-reactive protein and serum amyloid A (surrogate measures of cardiovascular risk). A 63% regain of menstrual cyclicity and 12% spontaneous pregnancy rate within 12 weeks were achieved. Conclusions: We have found that in overweight and obese women with PCOS, adding metformin to lifestyle modifications at a dose of 850 mg twice daily, had no superior effect to lifestyle modifications alone on; menstrual frequency, pregnancy rates, weight loss, reduction of insulin resistance or reduction of hyperandrogenism. An anti-inflammatory dietary approach with pharmacological targeting (the combo diet) can achieve a clinically relevant weight loss in PCOS patients.

Keywords: Diet, Inflammation, Lifestyle Modification, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Citation: Salama AA, Amine EK, Salem HA, Abd El-Fattah NK. Effects of Anti-inflammatory Diet in the Context of Lifestyle Modification (with or without Metformin Use) on Metabolic,  Endocrine, Inflammatory and Reproductive Profiles in Overweight and Obese Women with  Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Controlled Clinical Trial. Canad J Clin Nutr 2018; 6 (1): 81-106.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14206/canad.j.clin.nutr.2018.01.06