Anti-inflammatory Role of Vitamin D among Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Infection

Doha M. Abou-Zahra¹*, Nawal A. El-Sayed², Skeena A. Ismail³, Rana Emara²

¹Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences Technology, Pharos University, Alexandria, Egypt. ²Nutrition Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Egypt. ³Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt

*Corresponding author:  Dr. Doha Magdy Abou-Zahra, Assistant lecturer of Nutrition of Pharos University, Alexandria, E-mail: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Background: Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disorder that is associated with several complications. Recently it was suggested that vitamin D deficiency may play a vital role in the development and progression of diabetes and may impact the outcome of the disease and its associated co-morbidities as sepsis and cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory role of vitamin D in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus having infection and determine the effects of vitamin D supplementation on serum 25-(OH) vit. D, the metabolic profile, and inflammatory markers. Subjects and Methods: A sample of 170 patients having type 2 diabetes with infection were involved in the study. They were divided into control group receiving appropriate antibiotic therapy and intervention group receiving vitamin D supplementation (10,000 IU daily for three months) beside the antibiotic therapy. Serum 25-(OH) vitamin D, glycemic profile, random blood glucose level (RBG) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and inflammatory markers, (C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were done at the start of the study and after three months. The outcome in the two groups was assessed at the end of the study. Results: Vitamin D is negatively correlated with RBG, HbA1c, body mass index, CRP, ESR, TNF-α. The intervention group had a better outcome at the end of the three months than the control group in terms of higher serum 25-(OH) vitamin D, good glycemic control, decreased serum levels of ESR, CRP, and TNF-α. Conclusion: Vitamin D has a strong anti-inflammatory effect and positively impacts the glycemic profile and clinical condition of patients with type 2 diabetes having infection.

Keywords: Anti-Inflammatory Effect, Glycemic Profile, Type 2 Diabetes, Vitamin D

Citation: Doha M. Abou-Zahra, Nawal A. El-Sayed, Skeena A. Ismail, Rana Emara. Anti-inflammatory Role of Vitamin D among Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Infection. Canadian Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2021; 9 (1): 34-60.

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.14206/canad.j.clin.nutr.2021.01.05